In the world of gene therapy, ensuring the purity of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors is crucial. These tiny viruses carry genetic material to treat diseases, but sometimes they contain unwanted guests—empty or partially filled capsids. WHAT’S THE BIG DEAL? • Empty and partial capsids can trigger immune responses and reduce treatment effectiveness. • We use cutting-edge techniques like Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC) and Cryo-TEM to analyse AAVs. • AUC subjects AAV samples to high centr