Currently priced at $1,634.35, Ethereum has been modestly gaining approximately 0.72% in an intraday view. While this short bounce is unfolding, ...

This important work presents a stochastic branching process model of tumour-immune coevolution, incorporating stochastic antigenic mutation accumulation and escape within the cancer cell population.

LLMs reveal a deeper truth that, like them, we collapse into context. But unlike them, we choose meaning over probability to ...

A typical example of a random variable is the outcome of a coin toss. Consider a probability distribution in which the outcomes of a random event aren't equally likely to happen. Y could be 0 ...

This probability distribution can be used as an evaluation technique since gathering the appropriate data may be time-consuming or even impossible in some cases. Such considerations come into play ...

Abstract: A method for direct numerical evaluation of the cumulative probability distribution function from the characteristic function in terms of a single integral is presented. No moment evaluation ...

Abstract: The long-term fluctuation of transmission loss in scatter propagation systems has been found to have a logarithmicnormal distribution. In other words, the scatter loss in decibels has ...