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Amid the chaos of revolutionary France, one man’s mathematical obsession gave way to a calculation that now underpins much of mathematics and physics. The calculation, called the Fourier transform, ...

Optical or magnetic sensors for position and angle sensing in motion control systems generally provide sine and cosine signals for conversion. The 90° phase shift between sine and cosine allows ...

Graphs of Sine and Cosine 1.2 An applet illustrating how the graphs of sine and cosine are related to the unit circle. Transformations of Functions 1.3 An applet illustrating how transformations ...

Trigonometric identities are powerful tools for simplifying complex equations in math and science. Three core groups—reciprocal, quotient, and Pythagorean—form the foundation. Effective strategies ...

Over at Quanta Magazine [Shalma Wegsman] asks What Is the Fourier Transform? [Shalma] begins by telling you a little about Joseph Fourier, the French mathematician with an interest in heat propagation ...