At the heart of the controversy is Jane Street’s aggressive trading in the derivatives (futures) segment, where the firm executed trades designed not just to profit, but to sway the market itself. Here's how.

In July 2025, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) shook the financial markets by passing an interim order against Jane Street Group, a well-known global quantitative trading firm. Sebi accused the firm and its affiliates of manipulating Indian stock index levels through a series of strategic trades designed to benefit their derivatives positions.

SEBI has temporarily barred Jane Street from the Indian stock market and impounded ₹4,840 crore for alleged index manipulation, raising concerns about retail traders' vulnerabilities in derivatives trading.