It is argued that the Carnot cycle is a highly inaccurate representation of a steam engine, and that the net work obtained in its operation would be zero. This conclusion is also supported by an ...

Metabolic processes are chemical reactions and these often involve generation of heat. Living organisms, however, do not follow all the laws of thermodynamics. Organisms are open systems that exchange ...

Entropy is one of the most useful concepts in science but also one of the most confusing. This article serves as a brief introduction to the various types of entropy that can be used to quantify the ...