Electronic circuit designs often require power sources with negative output voltages. There are many different ways of producing a negative output voltage from a positive input voltage. One option is ...

Use of buck-boost circuits in switching-regulator ICs. Considerations in level-shift circuit design. Switching regulators with internal level shifting. The magnitude of the negative voltage generated ...

Controlling the brightness of LEDs requires a driver that provides a constant, regulated current. To achieve this goal, the driver topology must be able to generate a large enough output voltage to ...

Switching dc-dc power supplies are prolific in today's consumer electronics. Most applications use an input source that provides a positive dc voltage referenced to system ground. These sources often ...