Andrew Barto and Richard Sutton developed reinforcement learning, a technique vital to chatbots like ChatGPT. By Cade Metz Reporting from San Francisco In 1977, Andrew Barto, as a researcher at the ...

In the 1980s, Andrew Barto and Rich Sutton were considered eccentric devotees to an elegant but ultimately doomed idea—having machines learn, as humans and animals do, from experience. Decades on, ...

The bird has never gotten much credit for being intelligent. But the reinforcement learning powering the world’s most advanced AI systems is far more pigeon than human. In 1943, while the world’s ...