A study suggests atoms can bond not only with electrons in their outer shells, but also via those in their supposedly sacrosanct inner shells Most of us learned in high school chemistry class that ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...

Scientists have recently demonstrated the ability to control the spin population of the individual quantum shell states of self-assembled indium arsenide quantum dots (QDs). These results are ...

Atoms are the fundamental components of matter, made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The structure of atoms determines the properties and behavior of different ...

Metals consist of stacked layers of tightly packed, interacting atoms arranged in geometric patterns. Each of these atoms contains a small number of loosely held electrons in its outer shell. When ...

The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was experimentally observed for the first time by a team led by Nagoya University in Japan. As the ...