Researchers have spent the past few years watching a black hole re-awaken roughly 300 million light-years away from Earth. And what they’ve documented challenges prevailing theories about black hole lifecycles. The groundbreaking observations are detailed in a study published on April 11 in Nature Astronomy.

Although we know that supermassive black holes (millions of times the mass of our sun) lurk at the center of most galaxies, their very nature makes them difficult to spot and study. In contrast to the popular idea of black holes constantly "gobbling up" matter,