To remain in Gaul meant forfeiting his power to his enemies in Rome. Crossing the river into Italy would be a declaration of war. Caesar chose war. Conquering HeroA bust from the National ...

Forty-nine years before Jesus of Nazareth was born in Bethlehem, Roman general Julius Caesar and his army crossed the river Rubicon—the waterway separating Gaul (modern-day France) and Italy. They ...

The knife was most likely made on the continent in Gaul or Italy, to judge by its maker's familiarity with the gladiator's attire and equipment. It may have been a gift from a visitor to the villa ...