APDs (avalanche photodiodes) or APDs, are common components in laser-based fiber-optic systems for converting optical data into electrical form. The bias voltage and current measurement requirements ...

Bob and Tim are discussing the job that they are about to start. They are at a residence and the system has a blown low-voltage fuse. Tim said, “Let’s just change the fuse and try it and see if the ...

Find the voltage v1 and the currents I1 and I2 for the circuit shown. To solve this problem first find the total current going through the 14 ohm resistor. To do this find the effective resistance of ...

I see techs in the field get the most frustrated when they have a low-voltage short they can’t seem to locate. The challenge techs face with low voltage diagnosis is a combination of poor process and ...

There are many cases where a power supply needs an internal current-limiter function, usually built using a current sensor, a control circuit, and a pass transistor. The current sensor itself can be a ...

What consumes more than half of the world's electricity and supports nearly every facet of industrial production? The answer is the AC induction motor. Although these motors typically tolerate ...

Understanding the role of short-circuit current is critical to the reliability of your electrical system and to the safety of the people who maintain it. When designing or modifying a distribution ...

CMOS current reference circuits play a critical role in modern integrated circuits by providing a stable and reproducible current source that remains unaffected by variations in supply voltage, ...

You need to know how to measure the current that flows through a component in a circuit and the voltage across it. The ammeter must be connected in series with the component – remember, in a series ...

Download this article in PDF format. It’s now common to see circuit boards that carry hundreds of amps, especially in intensive data-processing applications, electric vehicles, and ac distribution.